Guest posting
You contribute an article to another publication. The workflow includes topic fit, pitching, writing, editorial review and publication.
Blogger outreach
You contact relevant publishers or creators to propose a collaboration. That could be a guest article, quote, product review, partnership, resource inclusion or something else.
Where they overlap
DIY guest posting usually requires outreach unless you already have relationships or use a marketplace. A managed service may abstract outreach away from the buyer.
Which skill to learn first
If you want direct relationships and repeatable publishing opportunities, outreach is foundational. If you mainly want fulfillment, compare guest posting services.